According to the study of "Intracranial bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency: advantages of using a pediatric intensive care registry" by Visser DY, Jansen NJ, Ijland MM, de Koning TJ, van Hasselt PM., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health,
Saturday, October 29, 2011
Vitamin K and Intracranial bleeding
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Intracranial bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency: advantages of using a pediatric intensive care registry" by Visser DY, Jansen NJ, Ijland MM, de Koning TJ, van Hasselt PM., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health,
According to the study of "Intracranial bleeding due to vitamin K deficiency: advantages of using a pediatric intensive care registry" by Visser DY, Jansen NJ, Ijland MM, de Koning TJ, van Hasselt PM., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health,
Friday, October 28, 2011
Vitamin D:and Cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis.
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis" by Holick MF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote that Numerous epidemiologic studies suggest that exposure to sunlight, which enhances the production of vitamin D(3) in the skin, is important in preventing many chronic diseases and The recommended adequate intakes for vitamin D are inadequate, and, in the absence of exposure to sunlight, a minimum of 1000 IU vitamin D/d is required to maintain a healthy concentration of 25(OH)D in the blood.
In the study of "Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis" by Holick MF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote that Numerous epidemiologic studies suggest that exposure to sunlight, which enhances the production of vitamin D(3) in the skin, is important in preventing many chronic diseases and The recommended adequate intakes for vitamin D are inadequate, and, in the absence of exposure to sunlight, a minimum of 1000 IU vitamin D/d is required to maintain a healthy concentration of 25(OH)D in the blood.
Vitamin D and sunlight
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Vitamin D and sunlight: strategies for cancer prevention and other health benefits" by Holick MF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, is made in many different tissues, including colon, prostate, and breast. It is believed that the local production of 1,25(OH)(2)D may be responsible for the anticancer benefit of vitamin D. Recent studies suggested that women who are vitamin D deficient have a 253% increased risk for developing colorectal cancer, and women who ingested 1500 mg/d calcium and 1100 IU/d vitamin D(3) for 4 yr reduced risk for developing cancer by >60%.
According to the study of "Vitamin D and sunlight: strategies for cancer prevention and other health benefits" by Holick MF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, is made in many different tissues, including colon, prostate, and breast. It is believed that the local production of 1,25(OH)(2)D may be responsible for the anticancer benefit of vitamin D. Recent studies suggested that women who are vitamin D deficient have a 253% increased risk for developing colorectal cancer, and women who ingested 1500 mg/d calcium and 1100 IU/d vitamin D(3) for 4 yr reduced risk for developing cancer by >60%.
vitamin D and cancer conundrum
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "The vitamin D and cancer conundrum: aiming at a moving target" by Toner CD, Davis CD, Milner JA., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that some individuals may be adversely affected by elevated 25(OH)D concentrations with respect to risk of cancers of the prostate, breast, pancreas, and esophagus, and in some cases a U- or J-shaped association has been suggested. Future research should seek to clarify if and for whom there may be an increased risk for cancer at particular sites with high 25(OH)D concentrations, and the concentrations at which risk increases. Fundamentally, prospective longitudinal studies of these relationships are warranted. The health status, life stage, adiposity, estrogen exposure, and nutritional status of study participants should be taken into account. Continued investigation is necessary to ensure that vitamin D recommendations are appropriately targeted to individuals who stand to benefit most, while protecting vulnerable subgroups from risk of overexposure.
According to the study of "The vitamin D and cancer conundrum: aiming at a moving target" by Toner CD, Davis CD, Milner JA., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that some individuals may be adversely affected by elevated 25(OH)D concentrations with respect to risk of cancers of the prostate, breast, pancreas, and esophagus, and in some cases a U- or J-shaped association has been suggested. Future research should seek to clarify if and for whom there may be an increased risk for cancer at particular sites with high 25(OH)D concentrations, and the concentrations at which risk increases. Fundamentally, prospective longitudinal studies of these relationships are warranted. The health status, life stage, adiposity, estrogen exposure, and nutritional status of study participants should be taken into account. Continued investigation is necessary to ensure that vitamin D recommendations are appropriately targeted to individuals who stand to benefit most, while protecting vulnerable subgroups from risk of overexposure.
Tuesday, October 25, 2011
Vitamin K and Degenerative diseases of ageing
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
Vitamin K not only associated with osteoporosis but also related to degenerative diseases of ageing, according to the study of "Vitamin K, osteoporosis and degenerative diseases of ageing" by Vermeer C, Theuwissen E., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that our dietary vitamin K intake is too low to support the carboxylation of at least some of these Gla-proteins. According to the triage theory, long-term vitamin K inadequacy is an independent, but modifiable risk factor for the development of degenerative diseases of ageing including osteoporosis and atherosclerosis.
Vitamin K not only associated with osteoporosis but also related to degenerative diseases of ageing, according to the study of "Vitamin K, osteoporosis and degenerative diseases of ageing" by Vermeer C, Theuwissen E., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that our dietary vitamin K intake is too low to support the carboxylation of at least some of these Gla-proteins. According to the triage theory, long-term vitamin K inadequacy is an independent, but modifiable risk factor for the development of degenerative diseases of ageing including osteoporosis and atherosclerosis.
Vitamin K and Fracture prevention
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Vitamin K: fracture prevention and beyond" by Falcone TD, Kim SS, Cortazzo MH.., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Vitamin K is essential to bone physiology and prevention of atherosclerosis. It is involved in bone remodeling, cell signaling, apoptosis, arterial calcification, and chemotaxis, and it has anti-inflammatory effects. Conversely, warfarin, a potent vitamin K inhibitor, has demonstrated adverse effects on bone remodeling and atherosclerosis. Natural forms of vitamin K are available in multiple dietary sources, and some structural forms are more readily available for use in metabolic pathways than are others. With regard to supplementation, the specific form of vitamin K is often not disclosed, and the recommended daily value is potentially less than what is physiologically required. On the basis of a review of the literature, it appears advantageous to encourage patients to eat a diet rich in vitamin K; however, the benefit of vitamin K supplementation alone is yet to be thoroughly conveyed.
In the study of "Vitamin K: fracture prevention and beyond" by Falcone TD, Kim SS, Cortazzo MH.., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Vitamin K is essential to bone physiology and prevention of atherosclerosis. It is involved in bone remodeling, cell signaling, apoptosis, arterial calcification, and chemotaxis, and it has anti-inflammatory effects. Conversely, warfarin, a potent vitamin K inhibitor, has demonstrated adverse effects on bone remodeling and atherosclerosis. Natural forms of vitamin K are available in multiple dietary sources, and some structural forms are more readily available for use in metabolic pathways than are others. With regard to supplementation, the specific form of vitamin K is often not disclosed, and the recommended daily value is potentially less than what is physiologically required. On the basis of a review of the literature, it appears advantageous to encourage patients to eat a diet rich in vitamin K; however, the benefit of vitamin K supplementation alone is yet to be thoroughly conveyed.
Vitamin K and Osteoporosis
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1) gene mutations in osteoporosis: A pilot study" by Holzer G, Grasse AV, Zehetmayer S, Bencur P, Bieglmayer C, Mannhalter C., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that The reduction of vitamin K to vitamin K hydrochinon depends on the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1). We evaluated the impact of polymorphisms in VKORC1 on BMD and fractures... and concluded that in our cohort, a genetic variation in the 3'-region of the VKORC1 gene (9041 AG and GG) was associated significantly with low BMD. This finding suggests that VKORC1 may play a role in osteoporosis. The results of our pilot study should be confirmed as our findings may be important for treatment decisions.
In the study of "Vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1) gene mutations in osteoporosis: A pilot study" by Holzer G, Grasse AV, Zehetmayer S, Bencur P, Bieglmayer C, Mannhalter C., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that The reduction of vitamin K to vitamin K hydrochinon depends on the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1). We evaluated the impact of polymorphisms in VKORC1 on BMD and fractures... and concluded that in our cohort, a genetic variation in the 3'-region of the VKORC1 gene (9041 AG and GG) was associated significantly with low BMD. This finding suggests that VKORC1 may play a role in osteoporosis. The results of our pilot study should be confirmed as our findings may be important for treatment decisions.
Vitamin D, sun, sunbeds and health
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In a study of "Vitamin D, sun, sunbeds and health" Moan J, Baturaite Z, Juzeniene A, Porojnicu AC., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers filed the result that UV from sun and sunbeds is the main vitamin D source. Young people with white or pigmented skin in northern Europe have a low vitamin D status. A number of health benefits from sufficient levels of vitamin D have been identified. However, UV exposure has been suspected of causing skin cancer, notably CMM, and authorities warn against it and concluded that The overall health benefit of an improved vitamin D status may be more important than the possibly increased CMM risk resulting from carefully increasing UV exposure. Important scientific facts behind this judgement are given.
In a study of "Vitamin D, sun, sunbeds and health" Moan J, Baturaite Z, Juzeniene A, Porojnicu AC., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers filed the result that UV from sun and sunbeds is the main vitamin D source. Young people with white or pigmented skin in northern Europe have a low vitamin D status. A number of health benefits from sufficient levels of vitamin D have been identified. However, UV exposure has been suspected of causing skin cancer, notably CMM, and authorities warn against it and concluded that The overall health benefit of an improved vitamin D status may be more important than the possibly increased CMM risk resulting from carefully increasing UV exposure. Important scientific facts behind this judgement are given.
Vitamin D and Longevity
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the abstract of the study of "Vitamin D, sunlight and longevity" by Pérez-López FR, Fernández-Alonso AM, Mannella P, Chedraui P., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indiccated that Experimental, epidemiological and clinical studies have related low vitamin D status with longevity. Although some results are controversial, low serum 25(OH)D levels have been linked to all-cause, cardiovascular, cancer and infectious related mortality. Throughout life span a significant proportion of human beings display insufficient (20-30 ng/mL) or deficient (<20 ng/mL) serum 25(OH)D levels. Appropriate lifestyle changes, such as regular short exposures to sunlight (15 min a day), and an adequate diet that includes vitamin D rich components, are not always easily accomplished
According to the abstract of the study of "Vitamin D, sunlight and longevity" by Pérez-López FR, Fernández-Alonso AM, Mannella P, Chedraui P., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indiccated that Experimental, epidemiological and clinical studies have related low vitamin D status with longevity. Although some results are controversial, low serum 25(OH)D levels have been linked to all-cause, cardiovascular, cancer and infectious related mortality. Throughout life span a significant proportion of human beings display insufficient (20-30 ng/mL) or deficient (<20 ng/mL) serum 25(OH)D levels. Appropriate lifestyle changes, such as regular short exposures to sunlight (15 min a day), and an adequate diet that includes vitamin D rich components, are not always easily accomplished
Vitamin D and Diabetes
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Vitamin D Insufficiency Is Associated With Diabetes Risk in Native American Children" by Nsiah-Kumi PA, Erickson JM, Beals JL, Ogle EA, Whiting M, Brushbreaker C, Borgeson CD, Qui F, Yu F, Larsen JL., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Vitamin D insufficiency was nearly universal in this cohort of NA children and was associated with diabetes and vascular risk markers. Whether vitamin D supplementation can improve insulin resistance must be studied further
In the study of "Vitamin D Insufficiency Is Associated With Diabetes Risk in Native American Children" by Nsiah-Kumi PA, Erickson JM, Beals JL, Ogle EA, Whiting M, Brushbreaker C, Borgeson CD, Qui F, Yu F, Larsen JL., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Vitamin D insufficiency was nearly universal in this cohort of NA children and was associated with diabetes and vascular risk markers. Whether vitamin D supplementation can improve insulin resistance must be studied further
Sunday, October 23, 2011
Vitamin B12 and Folate and Cognitive function
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Folic acid with or without vitamin B12 for the prevention and treatment of healthy elderly and demented people" by Malouf R, Grimley Evans J., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that The small number of studies which have been done provide no consistent evidence either way that folic acid, with or without vitamin B12, has a beneficial effect on cognitive function of unselected healthy or cognitively impaired older people. In a preliminary study, folic acid was associated with improvement in the response of people with Alzheimer's disease to cholinesterase inhibitors. In another, long-term use appeared to improve the cognitive function of healthy older people with high homocysteine levels. More studies are needed on this important issue.
In the study of "Folic acid with or without vitamin B12 for the prevention and treatment of healthy elderly and demented people" by Malouf R, Grimley Evans J., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that The small number of studies which have been done provide no consistent evidence either way that folic acid, with or without vitamin B12, has a beneficial effect on cognitive function of unselected healthy or cognitively impaired older people. In a preliminary study, folic acid was associated with improvement in the response of people with Alzheimer's disease to cholinesterase inhibitors. In another, long-term use appeared to improve the cognitive function of healthy older people with high homocysteine levels. More studies are needed on this important issue.
vitamin B12 and folate and From mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "From mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease - influence of homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate on cognition over time: results from one-year follow-up" by Siuda J, Gorzkowska A, Patalong-Ogiewa M, Krzystanek E, Czech E, Wiechuła B, Garczorz W, Danch A, Jasińska-Myga B, Opala G., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Vascular risk factors were found significantly more often in the MCI group (p = 0.041), including APOE4 allele (p = 0.018), hyperhomocysteinaemia (p = 0.012) and folate deficiency (p = 0.023). Discriminant function analysis showed that only age and hypertension are potential factors which may have an influence on progression to dementia in the MCI group within one year of prospective observation.
According to the study of "From mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease - influence of homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate on cognition over time: results from one-year follow-up" by Siuda J, Gorzkowska A, Patalong-Ogiewa M, Krzystanek E, Czech E, Wiechuła B, Garczorz W, Danch A, Jasińska-Myga B, Opala G., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Vascular risk factors were found significantly more often in the MCI group (p = 0.041), including APOE4 allele (p = 0.018), hyperhomocysteinaemia (p = 0.012) and folate deficiency (p = 0.023). Discriminant function analysis showed that only age and hypertension are potential factors which may have an influence on progression to dementia in the MCI group within one year of prospective observation.
Saturday, October 22, 2011
Folate and Mitochondrial disease
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by http://www.bh4.org/pdf/cazorla.pdf, Copyright © 2008 by AAN Enterprises, Inc.
In the study of "Mitochondrial diseases associated with cerebral folate deficiency"
In the study of "Mitochondrial diseases associated with cerebral folate deficiency"
Garcia-Cazorla A, Quadros EV, Nascimento A, Garcia-Silva MT, Briones P, Montoya J, Ormazábal A, Artuch R, Sequeira JM, Blau N, Arenas J, Pineda M, Ramaekers VT., posted in http://www.bh4.org/pdf/cazorla.pdf, researchers indicated that Half of our patients (14 out of 28) had CFD.However, 5 out of these 14 patients had KSS, a mitochondrial DNA deletion giving rise to pigmentary retinopathy, external ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and aberrant cardiac conduction, which is a well recognized entity associated with low CSF folate levels......high dose of
folinic acid supplementation (from 1 to 3 mg/kg/ day) to correct low CSF 5-MTHF may be recommended in these disorders.
folinic acid supplementation (from 1 to 3 mg/kg/ day) to correct low CSF 5-MTHF may be recommended in these disorders.
Folate and Cerebral folate deficiency syndromes
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In a study of "Cerebral folate deficiency syndromes in childhood: clinical, analytical, and etiologic aspects" by Pérez-Dueñas B, Ormazábal A, Toma C, Torrico B, Cormand B, Serrano M, Sierra C, De Grandis E, Marfa MP, García-Cazorla A, Campistol J, Pascual JM, Artuch R., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Of the 2 main forms of cerebral folate deficiency identified, mild to moderate 5-MTHF deficiency was most commonly associated with disorders bearing no primary relation to folate metabolism, whereas profound 5-MTHF depletion was associated with specific mitochondrial disorders, metabolic and transporter defects, or cerebral degenerations. The results suggest that 5-MTHF can serve either as the hallmark of inborn disorders of folate transport and metabolism or, more frequently, as an indicator of neurologic dysfunction.
In a study of "Cerebral folate deficiency syndromes in childhood: clinical, analytical, and etiologic aspects" by Pérez-Dueñas B, Ormazábal A, Toma C, Torrico B, Cormand B, Serrano M, Sierra C, De Grandis E, Marfa MP, García-Cazorla A, Campistol J, Pascual JM, Artuch R., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Of the 2 main forms of cerebral folate deficiency identified, mild to moderate 5-MTHF deficiency was most commonly associated with disorders bearing no primary relation to folate metabolism, whereas profound 5-MTHF depletion was associated with specific mitochondrial disorders, metabolic and transporter defects, or cerebral degenerations. The results suggest that 5-MTHF can serve either as the hallmark of inborn disorders of folate transport and metabolism or, more frequently, as an indicator of neurologic dysfunction.
Folate (folic acids) and Anemia among HIV-infected children
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "The prevalence and etiology of anemia among HIV-infected children in India" by Shet A, Arumugam K, Rajagopalan N, Dinakar C, Krishnamurthy S, Mehta S, Shet AS., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia and anemia of inflammation, is highly prevalent among children with HIV infection. Micronutrient supplements (including Folate) combined with ART improved anemia in HIV-infected children
According to the study of "The prevalence and etiology of anemia among HIV-infected children in India" by Shet A, Arumugam K, Rajagopalan N, Dinakar C, Krishnamurthy S, Mehta S, Shet AS., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Anemia, particularly iron deficiency anemia and anemia of inflammation, is highly prevalent among children with HIV infection. Micronutrient supplements (including Folate) combined with ART improved anemia in HIV-infected children
Friday, October 21, 2011
Vitamin B12 and Neurotrophic action
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Epidermal growth factor as a local mediator of the neurotrophic action of vitamin B(12) (cobalamin) in the rat central nervous system" by Scalabrino G, Nicolini G, Buccellato FR, Peracchi M, Tredici G, Manfridi A, Pravettoni G., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote that this in vivo study presents the first evidence that the neurotrophic action of Cbl in the CNS of TGX rats is mediated by stimulation of the EGF synthesis in the CNS itself. It thus appears that Cbl inversely regulates the expression of EGF and TNF-alpha genes in the CNS of TGX rats.
According to the study of "Epidermal growth factor as a local mediator of the neurotrophic action of vitamin B(12) (cobalamin) in the rat central nervous system" by Scalabrino G, Nicolini G, Buccellato FR, Peracchi M, Tredici G, Manfridi A, Pravettoni G., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote that this in vivo study presents the first evidence that the neurotrophic action of Cbl in the CNS of TGX rats is mediated by stimulation of the EGF synthesis in the CNS itself. It thus appears that Cbl inversely regulates the expression of EGF and TNF-alpha genes in the CNS of TGX rats.
Vitamin B12 deficiency - A worldwide problem
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Vitamin B12 deficiency as a worldwide problem" by Stabler SP, Allen, RH., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found thatDietary vitamin B12 deficiency is a severe problem in the Indian subcontinent, Mexico, Central and South America, and selected areas in Africa. Dietary vitamin B12 deficiency is not prevalent in Asia, except in vegetarians. Areas for research include intermittent vitamin B12 supplement dosing and better measurements of the bioavailability of B12 in fermented vegetarian foods and algae.
According to the study of "Vitamin B12 deficiency as a worldwide problem" by Stabler SP, Allen, RH., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found thatDietary vitamin B12 deficiency is a severe problem in the Indian subcontinent, Mexico, Central and South America, and selected areas in Africa. Dietary vitamin B12 deficiency is not prevalent in Asia, except in vegetarians. Areas for research include intermittent vitamin B12 supplement dosing and better measurements of the bioavailability of B12 in fermented vegetarian foods and algae.
Vitamin B12 and Older Adults
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Vitamin B12 and older adults" by Stover PJ., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcher indicated that It is becoming increasingly recognized that the susceptibility to vitamin B12 deficiency may change throughout the life cycle, with the developing embryo and older adults exhibiting elevated risk. Recent data implicate low vitamin B12 status as a risk factor for birth defects resulting from improper neural tube development. The potential for vitamin supplementation and/or food fortification to ameliorate the risk of deficiency in these subpopulations is discussed. The prevalence and impact of vitamin B12 deficiency varies throughout the life cycle, with older adults and potentially the developing embryo having the greatest risk and susceptibility.
In the study of "Vitamin B12 and older adults" by Stover PJ., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcher indicated that It is becoming increasingly recognized that the susceptibility to vitamin B12 deficiency may change throughout the life cycle, with the developing embryo and older adults exhibiting elevated risk. Recent data implicate low vitamin B12 status as a risk factor for birth defects resulting from improper neural tube development. The potential for vitamin supplementation and/or food fortification to ameliorate the risk of deficiency in these subpopulations is discussed. The prevalence and impact of vitamin B12 deficiency varies throughout the life cycle, with older adults and potentially the developing embryo having the greatest risk and susceptibility.
Wednesday, October 19, 2011
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) and Epilepsy during Childhood.
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Vitamin B6 related epilepsy during childhood' by Wang HS, Kuo MF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found thatPatients with three of the conditions respond to any form of vitamin B6. Only those with pyridoxine phosphate oxidase deficiency respond to PLP (pyridoxal-5'-phosphate) instead of pyridoxine. Interestingly, the authors have successfully treated many patients without the above four disorders using vitamin B6, and have found that the treatment was more effective with PLP than with pyridoxine, though the mechanism is not known. Since PLP is as inexpensive as pyridoxine, we suggest replacing PLP for pyridoxine when treating children with epilepsy.
According to the study of "Vitamin B6 related epilepsy during childhood' by Wang HS, Kuo MF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found thatPatients with three of the conditions respond to any form of vitamin B6. Only those with pyridoxine phosphate oxidase deficiency respond to PLP (pyridoxal-5'-phosphate) instead of pyridoxine. Interestingly, the authors have successfully treated many patients without the above four disorders using vitamin B6, and have found that the treatment was more effective with PLP than with pyridoxine, though the mechanism is not known. Since PLP is as inexpensive as pyridoxine, we suggest replacing PLP for pyridoxine when treating children with epilepsy.
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) and Memory Improvements
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Memory improvements in elderly women following 16 weeks treatment with a combined multivitamin, mineral and herbal supplement : A randomized controlled trial" by Macpherson H, Ellis KA, Sali A, Pipingas A., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcjers filed the result that The multivitamin improved speed of response on a measure of spatial working memory, however benefits to other cognitive processes were not observed. Multivitamin supplementation decreased levels of homocysteine and increased levels of vitamin B(6) and B(12), with a trend for vitamin E to increase. There were no hepatotoxic effects of the multivitamin formula indicating this supplement was safe for everyday usage in the elderly.
According to the study of "Memory improvements in elderly women following 16 weeks treatment with a combined multivitamin, mineral and herbal supplement : A randomized controlled trial" by Macpherson H, Ellis KA, Sali A, Pipingas A., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcjers filed the result that The multivitamin improved speed of response on a measure of spatial working memory, however benefits to other cognitive processes were not observed. Multivitamin supplementation decreased levels of homocysteine and increased levels of vitamin B(6) and B(12), with a trend for vitamin E to increase. There were no hepatotoxic effects of the multivitamin formula indicating this supplement was safe for everyday usage in the elderly.
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine ) and Cancer
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In a study of "Vitamin B6 and cancer: from clinical data to molecularly mechanisms" by Sujol G, Docquier A, Boulahtouf A, Castet-Nicolas A, Cavaillès V., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that at the cellular level, antioxidant, pro-apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects have been identified.... vitamin B6 is involved in the methyl donor cycle ant thus, some of the antitumor properties of vitamin B6 may involve an indirect effect on the level of DNA or histone methylation.
In a study of "Vitamin B6 and cancer: from clinical data to molecularly mechanisms" by Sujol G, Docquier A, Boulahtouf A, Castet-Nicolas A, Cavaillès V., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that at the cellular level, antioxidant, pro-apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects have been identified.... vitamin B6 is involved in the methyl donor cycle ant thus, some of the antitumor properties of vitamin B6 may involve an indirect effect on the level of DNA or histone methylation.
Monday, October 17, 2011
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Diabetic ulceration
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Safety and efficacy of a new honey ointment on diabetic foot ulcers: a prospective pilot study" by Abdelatif M, Yakoot M, Etmaan M., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Ninety-six per cent of the patients in groups 1 and 2 responded well, with a complete cure, defined as'complete closure of the ulcer without signs of underlying bone infection' by the end of week 9 and for the duration of the six-month follow-up period. All of the ulcers in group 1 healed, as did 92% of those in group 2. All patients in group 3 healed following surgical excision, debridement of necrotic tissue and conservative treatment with PEDYPHAR ointment. and concluded from our pilot study that PEDYPHAR (a new ointment prepared from natural royal jelly and panthenol in an ointment base) may be a promising, safe conservative local treatment. However, further double-blind randomised controlled studies are needed to confirm this.
In the study of "Safety and efficacy of a new honey ointment on diabetic foot ulcers: a prospective pilot study" by Abdelatif M, Yakoot M, Etmaan M., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Ninety-six per cent of the patients in groups 1 and 2 responded well, with a complete cure, defined as'complete closure of the ulcer without signs of underlying bone infection' by the end of week 9 and for the duration of the six-month follow-up period. All of the ulcers in group 1 healed, as did 92% of those in group 2. All patients in group 3 healed following surgical excision, debridement of necrotic tissue and conservative treatment with PEDYPHAR ointment. and concluded from our pilot study that PEDYPHAR (a new ointment prepared from natural royal jelly and panthenol in an ointment base) may be a promising, safe conservative local treatment. However, further double-blind randomised controlled studies are needed to confirm this.
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Wound healing processes
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Role of pantothenic and ascorbic acid in wound healing processes: in vitro study on fibroblasts" by Lacroix B, Didier E, Grenier JF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that when cultures were incubated with PA and AA, the release of intracellular protein into the culture medium increased. These results suggest that the combined use of these two vitamins might be of interest in postsurgical therapy and in wound healing.
In the study of "Role of pantothenic and ascorbic acid in wound healing processes: in vitro study on fibroblasts" by Lacroix B, Didier E, Grenier JF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that when cultures were incubated with PA and AA, the release of intracellular protein into the culture medium increased. These results suggest that the combined use of these two vitamins might be of interest in postsurgical therapy and in wound healing.
Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Colonic anastomoses
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "[Improvement in the healing of colonic anastomoses by vitamin B5 and C supplements. Experimental study in the rabbit] [Article in French], by Vaxman F, Chalkiadakis G, Olender S, Maldonado H, Aprahamian M, Bruch JF, Wittmann T, Volkmar P, Grenier JF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Vitamins B5 and C enhance the colonic wound healing process in the rabbit, acting together in synergy in vivo as well as in vitro, as previously demonstrated.
In the study of "[Improvement in the healing of colonic anastomoses by vitamin B5 and C supplements. Experimental study in the rabbit] [Article in French], by Vaxman F, Chalkiadakis G, Olender S, Maldonado H, Aprahamian M, Bruch JF, Wittmann T, Volkmar P, Grenier JF., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Vitamins B5 and C enhance the colonic wound healing process in the rabbit, acting together in synergy in vivo as well as in vitro, as previously demonstrated.
Sunday, October 16, 2011
Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and Life span Increasing
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Niacin-bound chromium increases life span in Zucker Fatty Rats" by
According to the study of "Niacin-bound chromium increases life span in Zucker Fatty Rats" by
Preuss HG, Echard B, Clouatre D, Bagchi D, Perricone NV., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that despite similar beneficial effects on the glucose and blood pressure systems, a difference in aging was also found when the NBC (niacin-bound chromium) group was compared to the formula group. When all rats in the other two groups had died, four in the NBC group continued to live at least a month longer. We attribute lack of a similar aging effect in the formula group to either lower dosing of NBC and/or that various ingredients in the formula counteracted the antiaging effect(s) of NBC.
Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and hyperpigmentation
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Natural options for the management of hyperpigmentation" by Leyden JJ, Shergill B, Micali G, Downie J, Wallo W., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that a few of the ingredients (e.g. soy) are supported not only by in vitro results but also by a body of controlled clinical efficacy studies; other ingredients, instead, are backed mostly by in vitro data and a few small uncontrolled clinical studies. In this review, we describe the most common natural ingredients used for skin depigmentation and their major published studies: soy, licorice extracts, kojic acid, arbutin, niacinamide, N-acetylglucosamine, COFFEEBERRY(™) and green tea.
According to the study of "Natural options for the management of hyperpigmentation" by Leyden JJ, Shergill B, Micali G, Downie J, Wallo W., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that a few of the ingredients (e.g. soy) are supported not only by in vitro results but also by a body of controlled clinical efficacy studies; other ingredients, instead, are backed mostly by in vitro data and a few small uncontrolled clinical studies. In this review, we describe the most common natural ingredients used for skin depigmentation and their major published studies: soy, licorice extracts, kojic acid, arbutin, niacinamide, N-acetylglucosamine, COFFEEBERRY(™) and green tea.
Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and Melasma
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Niacinamide 4% versus Hydroquinone 4% in the Treatment of Melasma" by Navarrete-Solís J, Castanedo-Cázares JP, Torres-Álvarez B, Oros-Ovalle C, Fuentes-Ahumada C, González FJ, Martínez-Ramírez JD, Moncada B., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that All patients showed pigment improvement with both treatments. Colorimetric measures did not show statistical differences between both sides. However, good to excellent improvement was observed with niacinamide in 44% of patients, compared to 55% with HQ. Niacinamide reduced importantly the mast cell infiltrate and showed improvement of solar elastosis in melasma skin. Side effects were present in 18% with niacinamide versus 29% with HQ. Conclusion. Niacinamide induces a decrease in pigmentation, inflammatory infiltrate, and solar elastosis. Niacinamide is a safe and effective therapeutic agent for this condition.
In the study of "A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of Niacinamide 4% versus Hydroquinone 4% in the Treatment of Melasma" by Navarrete-Solís J, Castanedo-Cázares JP, Torres-Álvarez B, Oros-Ovalle C, Fuentes-Ahumada C, González FJ, Martínez-Ramírez JD, Moncada B., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that All patients showed pigment improvement with both treatments. Colorimetric measures did not show statistical differences between both sides. However, good to excellent improvement was observed with niacinamide in 44% of patients, compared to 55% with HQ. Niacinamide reduced importantly the mast cell infiltrate and showed improvement of solar elastosis in melasma skin. Side effects were present in 18% with niacinamide versus 29% with HQ. Conclusion. Niacinamide induces a decrease in pigmentation, inflammatory infiltrate, and solar elastosis. Niacinamide is a safe and effective therapeutic agent for this condition.
Saturday, October 15, 2011
Vitamin E and Stress
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of `Dietary vitamin E deficiency increases anxiety-related behavior in rats under stress of social isolation`by Okura Y, Tawara S, Kikusui T, Takenaka A., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that the EPM test revealed that vitamin E-deficient rats spent less time in the open arms and showed more stretch-out posture than the control rats, showing that anxiety increased with dietary vitamin E deficiency. Furthermore, vitamin E deficiency-induced anxiety behavior was observed more prominent in individual housed rats than in social housed rats. On the basis of these results, we conclude that dietary vitamin E deficiency induces anxiety in rats especially under stress of social isolation.
In the study of `Dietary vitamin E deficiency increases anxiety-related behavior in rats under stress of social isolation`by Okura Y, Tawara S, Kikusui T, Takenaka A., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that the EPM test revealed that vitamin E-deficient rats spent less time in the open arms and showed more stretch-out posture than the control rats, showing that anxiety increased with dietary vitamin E deficiency. Furthermore, vitamin E deficiency-induced anxiety behavior was observed more prominent in individual housed rats than in social housed rats. On the basis of these results, we conclude that dietary vitamin E deficiency induces anxiety in rats especially under stress of social isolation.
Vitamin E and Anxiety
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of `Dietary Vitamin E Deficiency Increases Anxiety-Like Behavior in Juvenile and Adult Rats`by Terada Y, Okura Y, Kikusui T, Takenaka A., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that plasma corticosterone concentrations were higher in the vitamin E-deficient rats in response to the stress of a behavioral test. Based on these results, we conclude that dietary vitamin-E deficiency induces anxiety in adult rats as well as juvenile rats. This might be due to an elevated plasma corticosterone concentration.
In the study of `Dietary Vitamin E Deficiency Increases Anxiety-Like Behavior in Juvenile and Adult Rats`by Terada Y, Okura Y, Kikusui T, Takenaka A., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that plasma corticosterone concentrations were higher in the vitamin E-deficient rats in response to the stress of a behavioral test. Based on these results, we conclude that dietary vitamin-E deficiency induces anxiety in adult rats as well as juvenile rats. This might be due to an elevated plasma corticosterone concentration.
Vitamin E and Osteroporosis
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of `Vitamin E prevents steroid-induced osteonecrosis in rabbits`by Kuribayashi M, Fujioka M, Takahashi KA, Arai Y, Ishida M, Goto T, Kubo T., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Alpha-tocopherol-supplemented diet reduced the incidence of osteonecrosis, which developed in 14 of 20 rabbits in the control group and 5 of 21 rabbits in the experimental group (p = 0.004), and suggested that our findings may offer a new approach for the prevention of corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis
According to the study of `Vitamin E prevents steroid-induced osteonecrosis in rabbits`by Kuribayashi M, Fujioka M, Takahashi KA, Arai Y, Ishida M, Goto T, Kubo T., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Alpha-tocopherol-supplemented diet reduced the incidence of osteonecrosis, which developed in 14 of 20 rabbits in the control group and 5 of 21 rabbits in the experimental group (p = 0.004), and suggested that our findings may offer a new approach for the prevention of corticosteroid-induced osteonecrosis
Friday, October 14, 2011
Vitamin D and Calcium
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Calcium and vitamin D nutrition and bone disease of the elderly" by Gennari C., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated in the result that in Europe a low calcium intake and a suboptimal vitamin D status are very common in the elderly. Evidence supports routine supplementation for these people at risk of osteoporosis, by providing a daily intake of 700-800 mg of calcium and 400-800 IU of vitamin D. This is an effective, safe and cheap means of preventing osteoporotic fractures.
In the study of "Calcium and vitamin D nutrition and bone disease of the elderly" by Gennari C., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated in the result that in Europe a low calcium intake and a suboptimal vitamin D status are very common in the elderly. Evidence supports routine supplementation for these people at risk of osteoporosis, by providing a daily intake of 700-800 mg of calcium and 400-800 IU of vitamin D. This is an effective, safe and cheap means of preventing osteoporotic fractures.
Vitamin D deficiency and Hip Fracture
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "[Vitamin D deficiency and hip fracture].[Article in Dutch]" by Lips P, Netelenbos JC., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that The elderly which are institutionalized carry an increased risk. Prevention or vitamin D deficiency is possible by adequate exposure to ultraviolet light. Primarily, the elderly should be encouraged to go out into the sunshine regularly. Advice on nutrition may be given additionally. When sunshine exposure is negligible, as in many disabled and institutionalized elderly, a daily supplement of vitamin D3 400 IU should be given. Preventive measures have to be evaluated prospectively. Vitamin D deficiency is not the most important risk factors for hip fractures, but the easiest to correct.
In the study of "[Vitamin D deficiency and hip fracture].[Article in Dutch]" by Lips P, Netelenbos JC., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that The elderly which are institutionalized carry an increased risk. Prevention or vitamin D deficiency is possible by adequate exposure to ultraviolet light. Primarily, the elderly should be encouraged to go out into the sunshine regularly. Advice on nutrition may be given additionally. When sunshine exposure is negligible, as in many disabled and institutionalized elderly, a daily supplement of vitamin D3 400 IU should be given. Preventive measures have to be evaluated prospectively. Vitamin D deficiency is not the most important risk factors for hip fractures, but the easiest to correct.
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and gastrointestinal function
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Riboflavin depletion impairs cell proliferation in adult human duodenum: identification of potential effectors" by Nakano E, Mushtaq S, Heath PR, Lee ES, Bury JP, Riley SA, Powers HJ, Corfe BM., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Riboflavin depletion in adult humans impairs proliferation and proliferative potential of intestinal cells, which may have implications for gastrointestinal function.
In the study of "Riboflavin depletion impairs cell proliferation in adult human duodenum: identification of potential effectors" by Nakano E, Mushtaq S, Heath PR, Lee ES, Bury JP, Riley SA, Powers HJ, Corfe BM., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Riboflavin depletion in adult humans impairs proliferation and proliferative potential of intestinal cells, which may have implications for gastrointestinal function.
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and Central nervous system and muscle involvement
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Central nervous system and muscle involvement in an adolescent patient with riboflavin-responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency" by Ishii K, Komaki H, Ohkuma A, Nishino I, Nonaka I, Sasaki M., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that The muscle biopsy revealed lipid storage myopathy. Urine organic acid analysis and mutation analysis of the ETFDH gene confirmed the diagnosis of MADD (multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency). With oral supplements of riboflavin and l-carnitine, in addition to a high-calorie and reduced-fat diet, her clinical symptoms improved dramatically. Early diagnosis is important because riboflavin treatment has been effective in a significant number of patients with MADD.
In the study of "Central nervous system and muscle involvement in an adolescent patient with riboflavin-responsive multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency" by Ishii K, Komaki H, Ohkuma A, Nishino I, Nonaka I, Sasaki M., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that The muscle biopsy revealed lipid storage myopathy. Urine organic acid analysis and mutation analysis of the ETFDH gene confirmed the diagnosis of MADD (multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency). With oral supplements of riboflavin and l-carnitine, in addition to a high-calorie and reduced-fat diet, her clinical symptoms improved dramatically. Early diagnosis is important because riboflavin treatment has been effective in a significant number of patients with MADD.
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and defective Gene ACAD9
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Riboflavin-responsive oxidative phosphorylation complex I deficiency caused by defective ACAD9: new function for an old gene" by Gerards M, van den Bosch BJ, Danhauser K, Serre V, van Weeghel M, Wanders RJ, Nicolaes GA, Sluiter W, Schoonderwoerd K, Scholte HR, Prokisch H, Rötig A, de Coo IF, Smeets HJ., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Our data support a new function for ACAD9 in complex I function, making this gene an important new candidate for patients with complex I deficiency, which could be improved by riboflavin treatment.
In the study of "Riboflavin-responsive oxidative phosphorylation complex I deficiency caused by defective ACAD9: new function for an old gene" by Gerards M, van den Bosch BJ, Danhauser K, Serre V, van Weeghel M, Wanders RJ, Nicolaes GA, Sluiter W, Schoonderwoerd K, Scholte HR, Prokisch H, Rötig A, de Coo IF, Smeets HJ., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Our data support a new function for ACAD9 in complex I function, making this gene an important new candidate for patients with complex I deficiency, which could be improved by riboflavin treatment.
Thursday, October 13, 2011
Thiamine (vitamin B1) and Inflammatory Diseases
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Protective role of benfotiamine, a fat-soluble vitamin B1 analogue, in lipopolysaccharide-induced cytotoxic signals in murine macrophages" by Yadav UC, Kalariya NM, Srivastava SK, Ramana KV., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote in abstract that benfotiamine suppresses oxidative stress-induced NF-kappaB activation and prevents bacterial endotoxin-induced inflammation, indicating that vitamin B1 supplementation could be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
In the study of "Protective role of benfotiamine, a fat-soluble vitamin B1 analogue, in lipopolysaccharide-induced cytotoxic signals in murine macrophages" by Yadav UC, Kalariya NM, Srivastava SK, Ramana KV., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote in abstract that benfotiamine suppresses oxidative stress-induced NF-kappaB activation and prevents bacterial endotoxin-induced inflammation, indicating that vitamin B1 supplementation could be beneficial in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Thiamine (vitamin B1) in diabetic complications
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In a study of "The potential role of thiamine (vitamin B1) in diabetic complications" by Thornalley PJ., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcher concluded that dysfunction of beta-cells and impaired glucose tolerance in thiamine deficiency and suggestion of a link of impaired glucose tolerance with dietary thiamine indicates that thiamine therapy may have a future role in prevention of type 2 diabetes. More immediately, given the emerging multiple benefits of thiamine repletion, even mild thiamine deficiency in diabetes should be avoided and thiamine supplementation to high dose should be considered as adjunct nutritional therapy to prevent dyslipidemia and the development of vascular complications in clinical diabetes.
In a study of "The potential role of thiamine (vitamin B1) in diabetic complications" by Thornalley PJ., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcher concluded that dysfunction of beta-cells and impaired glucose tolerance in thiamine deficiency and suggestion of a link of impaired glucose tolerance with dietary thiamine indicates that thiamine therapy may have a future role in prevention of type 2 diabetes. More immediately, given the emerging multiple benefits of thiamine repletion, even mild thiamine deficiency in diabetes should be avoided and thiamine supplementation to high dose should be considered as adjunct nutritional therapy to prevent dyslipidemia and the development of vascular complications in clinical diabetes.
Vitamin B1 and Diabetes and Heart Disease
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "Vitamin B1 analog benfotiamine prevents diabetes-induced diastolic dysfunction and heart failure through Akt/Pim-1-mediated survival pathway" by Katare RG, Caporali A, Oikawa A, Meloni M, Emanueli C, Madeddu P., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcher concluded that BFT (benfotiamine) protects from diabetes mellitus-induced cardiac dysfunction through pleiotropic mechanisms, culminating in the activation of prosurvival signaling pathway. Thus, BFT merits attention for application in clinical practice.
In the study of "Vitamin B1 analog benfotiamine prevents diabetes-induced diastolic dysfunction and heart failure through Akt/Pim-1-mediated survival pathway" by Katare RG, Caporali A, Oikawa A, Meloni M, Emanueli C, Madeddu P., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcher concluded that BFT (benfotiamine) protects from diabetes mellitus-induced cardiac dysfunction through pleiotropic mechanisms, culminating in the activation of prosurvival signaling pathway. Thus, BFT merits attention for application in clinical practice.
Wednesday, October 12, 2011
Vitamin C and Cancer
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the abstract of study of "Vitamin C and cancer: what can we conclude--1,609 patients and 33 years later?" by Cabanillas F., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcher concluded that that we still do not know whether Vitamin C has any clinically significant antitumor activity. Nor do we know which histological types of cancers, if any, are susceptible to this agent. Finally, we don't know what the recommended dose of Vitamin C is, if there is indeed such a dose, that can produce an anti-tumor response.
According to the abstract of study of "Vitamin C and cancer: what can we conclude--1,609 patients and 33 years later?" by Cabanillas F., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researcher concluded that that we still do not know whether Vitamin C has any clinically significant antitumor activity. Nor do we know which histological types of cancers, if any, are susceptible to this agent. Finally, we don't know what the recommended dose of Vitamin C is, if there is indeed such a dose, that can produce an anti-tumor response.
Vitamin C and Colon Cancer
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Pharmacologic doses of ascorbic Acid repress specificity protein (sp) transcription factors and sp-regulated genes in colon cancer cells" by Pathi SS, Lei P, Sreevalsan S, Chadalapaka G, Jutooru I, Safe S., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote that ascorbic acid decreased expression of several Sp-regulated genes that are involved in cancer cell proliferation [hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met), epidermal growth factor receptor and cyclin D1], survival (survivin and bcl-2), and angiogenesis [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2)].
According to the study of "Pharmacologic doses of ascorbic Acid repress specificity protein (sp) transcription factors and sp-regulated genes in colon cancer cells" by Pathi SS, Lei P, Sreevalsan S, Chadalapaka G, Jutooru I, Safe S., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote that ascorbic acid decreased expression of several Sp-regulated genes that are involved in cancer cell proliferation [hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met), epidermal growth factor receptor and cyclin D1], survival (survivin and bcl-2), and angiogenesis [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2)].
Vitamin C and DNA Damage
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In the study of "The protective role of ascorbic acid on imazalil-induced genetic damage assessed by the cytogenetic tests"by Türkez H, Aydin E., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that AA (Ascorbic acid) alone was not genotoxic and when combined with IMA treatment, reduced the frequencies of CAs and SCEs. A clear dose-dependent decrease in the genotoxic damage of IMA (imazalil) was observed, suggesting a genoprotective role of AA. In conclusion, the preventive role of AA in alleviating IMA-induced DNA damage was indicated for the first time in the present study.
In the study of "The protective role of ascorbic acid on imazalil-induced genetic damage assessed by the cytogenetic tests"by Türkez H, Aydin E., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that AA (Ascorbic acid) alone was not genotoxic and when combined with IMA treatment, reduced the frequencies of CAs and SCEs. A clear dose-dependent decrease in the genotoxic damage of IMA (imazalil) was observed, suggesting a genoprotective role of AA. In conclusion, the preventive role of AA in alleviating IMA-induced DNA damage was indicated for the first time in the present study.
Sunday, October 9, 2011
Vitamin C, E and Tobacco Smoke
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "In Vitro Assessment of Tobacco Smoke Toxicity at the BBB: Do Antioxidant Supplements Have a Protective Role?" by Hossain M, Mazzone P, Tierney W, Cucullo. L., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers concluded that Pre-treatment with antioxidant vitamins (C and/or E) effectively reduced the pro-inflammatory activity associated with TS, protecting the viability and functions of the BBB. CONCLUSION: Our results have shown that loss of endothelial viability as well as BBB function and integrity caused by TS exposure can be prevented or at least reduced by normal physiologic concentrations of antioxidant vitamins in vitro.
According to the study of "In Vitro Assessment of Tobacco Smoke Toxicity at the BBB: Do Antioxidant Supplements Have a Protective Role?" by Hossain M, Mazzone P, Tierney W, Cucullo. L., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers concluded that Pre-treatment with antioxidant vitamins (C and/or E) effectively reduced the pro-inflammatory activity associated with TS, protecting the viability and functions of the BBB. CONCLUSION: Our results have shown that loss of endothelial viability as well as BBB function and integrity caused by TS exposure can be prevented or at least reduced by normal physiologic concentrations of antioxidant vitamins in vitro.
Vitamin C and E as Antioxidants
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In a study of the abstract of "Vitamin E and C supplementation reduces oxidative stress, improves antioxidant enzymes and positive muscle work in chronically loaded muscles of aged rats" by Ryan MJ, Dudash HJ, Docherty M, Geronilla KB, Baker BA, Haff GG, Cutlip RG, Alway SE., posted in National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that The increased levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes after Vitamin E and C supplementation appear to be regulated by post-transcriptional modifications that are affected differently by age, exercise, and supplementation. These data suggest that antioxidant supplementation improves indices of oxidative stress associated with repetitive loading exercise and aging and improves the positive work output of muscles in aged rodents.
In a study of the abstract of "Vitamin E and C supplementation reduces oxidative stress, improves antioxidant enzymes and positive muscle work in chronically loaded muscles of aged rats" by Ryan MJ, Dudash HJ, Docherty M, Geronilla KB, Baker BA, Haff GG, Cutlip RG, Alway SE., posted in National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers indicated that The increased levels of endogenous antioxidant enzymes after Vitamin E and C supplementation appear to be regulated by post-transcriptional modifications that are affected differently by age, exercise, and supplementation. These data suggest that antioxidant supplementation improves indices of oxidative stress associated with repetitive loading exercise and aging and improves the positive work output of muscles in aged rodents.
Vitamin C and asthma.
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In a study of "Vitamin C supplementation for asthma" by Kaur B, Rowe BH, Arnold E., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers concluded that At present, evidence from randomised-controlled trials is insufficient to recommend a specific role for vitamin C in the treatment of asthma. Further methodologically strong and large-scale randomised controlled trials are needed in order to address the question of the effectiveness of vitamin C in children with asthma.
In a study of "Vitamin C supplementation for asthma" by Kaur B, Rowe BH, Arnold E., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers concluded that At present, evidence from randomised-controlled trials is insufficient to recommend a specific role for vitamin C in the treatment of asthma. Further methodologically strong and large-scale randomised controlled trials are needed in order to address the question of the effectiveness of vitamin C in children with asthma.
Vitamin C and acute respiratory infections
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
Acccording to the study of "Vitamin C and acute respiratory infections" by Hemilä H, Douglas RM., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote that one randomised trial reported substantial treatment benefit from vitamin C in elderly UK patients hospitalized with pneumonia or bronchitis. It seems that the preventive effects of supplementation are mainly limited to subjects with low dietary vitamin C intake, but therapeutic effects may occur in wider population groups. Further carefully designed trials are needed to explore the effects of vitamin C.
Acccording to the study of "Vitamin C and acute respiratory infections" by Hemilä H, Douglas RM., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers wrote that one randomised trial reported substantial treatment benefit from vitamin C in elderly UK patients hospitalized with pneumonia or bronchitis. It seems that the preventive effects of supplementation are mainly limited to subjects with low dietary vitamin C intake, but therapeutic effects may occur in wider population groups. Further carefully designed trials are needed to explore the effects of vitamin C.
Vitamin C and Common cold
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
In a study of "Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold" by Douglas RM, Hemilä H, Chalker E, Treacy B., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Long term daily supplementation with vitamin C in large doses daily does not appear to prevent colds. There appears to be a modest benefit in reducing duration of cold symptoms from ingestion of relatively high doses of vitamin C. The relation of dose to therapeutic benefit needs further exploration.
In a study of "Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold" by Douglas RM, Hemilä H, Chalker E, Treacy B., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that Long term daily supplementation with vitamin C in large doses daily does not appear to prevent colds. There appears to be a modest benefit in reducing duration of cold symptoms from ingestion of relatively high doses of vitamin C. The relation of dose to therapeutic benefit needs further exploration.
Friday, October 7, 2011
Vitamin A and Clefting
Posted by Chantel M. Contributed by US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health
According to the study of "Vitamin A and clefting: putative biological mechanisms" by Ackermans MM, Zhou H, Carels CE, Wagener FA, Von den Hoff JW., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that excessive vitamin A may disturb all three stages of palatogenesis: 1) during shelf outgrowth, it may decrease cell proliferation and thus prevent tissue development; 2) it may prevent shelf elevation by affecting extracellular matrix composition and hydration; and 3) during shelf fusion, it may affect epithelial differentiation and apoptosis, which precludes the formation of a continuous palate. In general, high doses of vitamin A affect palatogenesis through interference with cell proliferation and growth factors such as transforming growth factor β and platelet-derived growth factor. The effects of lower doses of vitamin A need to be investigated in greater depth in order to improve public health recommendations.
According to the study of "Vitamin A and clefting: putative biological mechanisms" by Ackermans MM, Zhou H, Carels CE, Wagener FA, Von den Hoff JW., posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers found that excessive vitamin A may disturb all three stages of palatogenesis: 1) during shelf outgrowth, it may decrease cell proliferation and thus prevent tissue development; 2) it may prevent shelf elevation by affecting extracellular matrix composition and hydration; and 3) during shelf fusion, it may affect epithelial differentiation and apoptosis, which precludes the formation of a continuous palate. In general, high doses of vitamin A affect palatogenesis through interference with cell proliferation and growth factors such as transforming growth factor β and platelet-derived growth factor. The effects of lower doses of vitamin A need to be investigated in greater depth in order to improve public health recommendations.
Vitamin A and Osteoporosis
In a study of "Vitamins and bone health: beyond calcium and vitamin D" by Ahmadieh H, Arabi A., posted in PubMed, posted in US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health researchers found that studies of vitamin A showed inconsistent results. Excessive, as well as insufficient, levels of retinol intake may be associated with compromised bone health.
Vitamin A and prevent mortality and short- and long-term morbidity in very low birthweight infants
According to the study of "Vitamin A supplementation to prevent mortality and short- and long-term morbidity in very low birthweight infants" by Darlow BA, Graham PJ., posted in
US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health, researchers filed the result that Nine trials met the inclusion criteria, eight compared vitamin A supplementation with a control (1291 infants), and one compared different regimens (120 infants). Compared to the control group, vitamin A appears to be beneficial in reducing death or oxygen requirement at one month of age (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.99; RD -0.05, 95% CI -0.10 to -0.01; NNTB 20, 95% CI 10 to 100; 1165 infants) and oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (RR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.98; RD -0.08, 95% CI -0.14 to -0.01; NNTB 13, 95% CI 7 to 100; 824 infants). A trend towards a reduction in death or oxygen requirement at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age was also noted (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.00; 1001 infants). Neurodevelopmental assessment of 88% of surviving infants in the largest trial showed no differences between the groups at 18 to 22 months of age, corrected for prematurity. The different dosage vitamin A regimens showed similar results.
Health Effects of Vitamins
I. Vitamin A (Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
Vitamin A also known as Vitamin A Retinol, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance, and essential for growth and life and producing pigments in the eye's retina for scotopic vision (low-light vision). The vital vitamin come from 2 types of foods
A. Vitamin A Health Benefits, Deficiency and toxicity
1. Vitamin A (Retinol and Carotenes) and Daily requirements
2. Health Benefits of Vitamin A - Type 1 diabetes
3. Vitamins A - Prevention of morbidity and mortality in infants
4. Vitamin A and Anti-aging
5. Vitamin A and Breast cancer
6. Vitamin A and Vision Health
7. Vitamin A and Colorectal Cancer
8. The importance of vitamin A in nutrition
9. Vitamin A and Skin tumors
10. Vitamin A and Ear defect in fetus
11. Vitamin A and Oral cancer
12. Vitamin A and Cervical cancer
13. Vitamin A and Osteoporosis
14. Vitamin A and Prevention of mortality and short- and long-term morbidity in very low birthweight infants
15. Vitamin A and Pregnancy and breastfeeding women
16. Vitamin A and The development of Fetus and Newborn
17. Vitamin A and Clefting
18. Vitamin A and Skin cancer
19. Vitamin A and Bone and teeth
20. Vitamin A and Immunity as antioxidants
21. Vitamin A and Preventing morbidity and mortality
22. Vitamin A and Gastric cancer
23. Vitamin A and Reduced risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
24. Vitamin A and Reproductive System
25. Vitamin A Against arsenic-induced uterine toxicity
26. Vitamin A and Treating measles and reduced risk of mortality and pneumonia-specific mortality
27. Vitamin A deficiency and Hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease
28. Vitamin A deficiency and Bilateral corneal ulceration
29. Vitamin A deficiency and Xerophthalmia
30. Vitamin A deficiency and Cirrhotic patients
31. Vitamin A deficiency and Spatial memory deficits
32. Vitamin A deficiency and Giardia lamblia infection
33. Vitamin A deficiency and complications of biliopancreatic diversion?
34. Vitamin A deficiency and Cerebellar hypoplasia
35. Vitamin A deficiency and Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD)
36. Vitamin A deficiency and Chronic liver disease
37. Vitamin A deficiency and High-risk area for esophageal cancer
38. Vitamin A deficiency and Air way infection
39. Vitamin A deficiency and Cardiometabolic risk
40. Vitamin A deficiency and Skin diseases
41. Vitamin A deficiency and Hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease
42. Vitamin A toxicity (When overdoses over a prolonged period of time):
42.1. Vitamin A toxicity: Possible involvement of vitamin a in testicular toxicity
42.2. Vitamin A toxicity: Elevated liver enzymes
42.3. Vitamin A toxicity: Damage of the central nervous system
42.4. Vitamin A toxicity: Metabolic impairment
42.5. Other diseases due to vitamin A toxicity
42.6. Vitamin A toxicity: Heart rate, brain structural and functional changes, minor physical anomalies, and persistent aggression
42.7. Vitamin A toxicity: Hypercalcemia and acute kidney injury
42.8. Vitamin A toxicity: Mitochondrial dysfunction and altering cerebral cortex and/or cerebellum-dependent behavior
42.9. Vitamin A toxicity: Hyperostotic and destructive osteoarthritis
42.10. Vitamin A toxicity: Chronic liver disease
B. Retinol Health Benefits
Retinol, one of the animal forms of vitamin A, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance, a diterpenoid and an alcohol converted to vitamin A and and the retinyl ester derivative of the alcohol stored mostly in liver, when eating animal food sources, such as liver and egg yolk. When converted to retinoic acid, vitamin A is essential for skin health, teeth remineralization, bone growth.and the process of cell differentiation, hence, the growth and development of embryos Retinoic acid via the retinoic acid receptor.
Retinol (The animal forms of vitamin A)
C. Carotenes Health Benefits
Carotenes, including alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, gamma-carotene, and
xanthophyl beta- cryptoxanthin, possess the enzyme required to convert these compounds to retinal. Carotenes are the group of orange pigments phytochemical belonging to the class of
Carotenoids (tetraterpenoids), found abundantly in carrots, pumpkins, maize,
tangerine, orange, in dark, leafy greens and red, orange and yellow fruits and vegetables, etc.
and contained many health benefits(1)
Recommend dosages for Female From 14 years old and up 700 -1700 mcg/day
and Male From 14 years old and Up 900 to 3000 mcg/day
1. Carotenoids and Chronic leg ulcers
2. Carotenoids and Anti-inflammatory, and Antiproliferative Effects
3. Carotenoids and cancers
4. Carotenoids
5. Carotenoids and Chronic leg ulcers
6. Carotenoids and Coronary heart disease
7. Carotenoids and Lung cancer
8. Carotenoids and Anti stroke
D. Vitamin A and Medication Interaction
II. B Vitamins
A. Vitamin B1 (Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin B1 and Diabetes and Heart Disease
2. Vitamin B1(Thiamine) and Inflammatory Diseases
3. Vitamin B1 deficiency and Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
4. Vitamin B1 and Wilson's disease
5. Vitamin B1 and acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure
6. Vitamin B1 deficiency and Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE)
7. Vitamin B1 and neurodegenerative disease pathophysiology
8. Vitamin B1 and iron-catalyzed oxidative damage in hepatocytes
9. Vitamin B1 and Type II diabetes
10. Vitamin B1 against protein damage by glycation, oxidation and nitration
11. Thiamine and the prevention of obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders
12. Vitamin B1 and diastolic dysfunction and heart failure
13. Vitamin B1 and dyslipidemia and Advanced glycation of plasma protein
14. Severe lactic acidosis and Vitamin B1 deficiency
15. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and acid tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes
16. Life-threatening of vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency in infants
17. B1 and various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
18. Vitamin B1 deficiency and the cause of some tumors
19. Vitamin B1 and Alzheimer's disease
20. Vitamin B1 and Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome
21. Vitamin B1 deficiency and reversible cor pulmonale
22. Thiamine and Parkinson's disease
23. Vitamin B1 deficiency with cardiopathy and metabolic acidosis
24. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and acid tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes
25. Vitamin B1 and glucose metabolism and vascular disease
26. Vitamin B1(Thiamine) in diabetic complications
B.2. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
1. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and defective Gene ACAD9
2. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and Central nervous system and muscle involvement
3. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and gastrointestinal function
Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and defective Gene ACAD9
2. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and Central nervous system and muscle involvement
3. Vitamin B2 and migraine
4. Vitamin B2 and psychomotor function
5. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and gastrointestinal function
6. Riboflavin deficiency and the effects on iron utilization and loss
7. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and Effect of physical activity
8. Riboflavin (vitamin B-2) and health
9. Riboflavin and gastrointestinal (GI) morphology in adult
10. Vitamin B2 and Autism
11. Riboflavin and the development and cell fate
12. Vitamin B2 and recurrent rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure
13. Vitamin B2 and depression
14. Vitamin B2 and Breast cancer
15. Vitamin B2 and congenital heart defects
16. Vitamin B2 and Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
17. Vitamin B2 and activity of enzymes
18. Riboflavin deficiency and preeclampsia
19. Riboflavin and acute ischaemic stroke
20. Vitamin B2 and short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
21. Vitamin B2 deficiency and Structural-functional damage to cellular membranes
22. Riboflavin-deficient and Trichinella spiralis-induced stresses on plasma corticosterone associated with spermatogenesis
B.3. Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
1. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and Life span Increasing
2. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and hyperpigmentation
3. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and Melasma
Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin B3 and Topical nicotinamide against both UVB and UVA
2. Vitamin B3 and immune suppressive effects
3. Vitamin B3 and Niacinamide/glycerin moisturizers
4. N-Nicotinoyl dopamine, a novel niacinamide derivative, retains high antioxidant activity and inhibits skin pigmentation
5. Vitamin B3 and Aging
6. Niacinamide on reducing cutaneous pigmentation and suppression of melanosome transfer
7. NAD+ and NADH in cellular functions and cell death
8. NAD+ metabolism in health and disease
9. NAD+ metabolism and NAD(+)-dependent enzymes and neurological diseases
10. Vitamin B3 deficiency Pellagra
11. Pellagra: dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea
12. Anorexia nervosa and Pellagra
13. Photoprotective effects of nicotinamide
14. Pellagra and benign symmetrical lipomatosis associated with alcoholism
15. Pellagra associated with esophageal carcinoma and alcoholism
16. Rapidly progressing bilateral cataracts in a patient with beta thalassemia and pellagra
17. Niacin and recurrent unipolar depressive disorder
18. Niacin and atheroprotective HDL cholesterol
B.5. Vitamin B5
1. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Diabetic ulceration
2. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Wound healing processes
3. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Colonic anastomoses
Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Wound healing processes
2. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Diabetic ulceration
3. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Colonic anastomoses
4. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Wound healing processes
5. Excessive vitamin B5 side effects
6. Calcium pantothenate deficiency and cadmium intoxication on reproductive organs
7. The effect of pantothenic acid deficiency on skin tissues
8. Vitamin B5 and thinning hair
9. Vitamin B5 and pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration
10. Pantothenic acid on testicular function
11. Pantothenic acid as a weight-reducing agent
12. Pantothenate deficiency and acetate addition
13. Pantothenate deficiency and metabolic response
14. Vitamin B5 and sexual maturity
15. The pantothenic acid (PA) and coenzyme A (CoA)
16. Adrenal cortex functional activity in pantothenate deficiency
17. Duodenal lesions produced by pantothenic acid deficiency
18. Interactions of thiamin, riboflavin, and other B-vitamins
19. Pantothenic acid, coenzyme A, and human chronic ulcerative and granulomatous colitis
20.Effect of prenatal and neonatal pantothenic acid deficiency on rat intestinal phosphatases
B.6. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
1. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) and Epilepsy during Childhood.
2. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) and Memory Improvements
3. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine ) and Cancer
B.9. Folate (Folic Acids)
1. Folate (folic acids) and Anemia among HIV-infected children
2. Folate and Cerebral folate deficiency syndromes
3. Folate and Mitochondrial disease
B.12 Vitamin B121. Vitamin B12 deficiency - A worldwide problem
2. Vitamin B12 and Older Adults
3. Vitamin B12 and Neurotrophic action
III. Vitamin C
1. Vitamin C and Common cold
2. Vitamin C and asthma.
3. Vitamin C and E as Antioxidants
4. Vitamin C, E and Tobacco Smoke
5. Vitamin C and Cancer
6. Vitamin C and Colon Cancer
7. Vitamin C and DNA Damage
8. Vitamin C and Wound healing
9. Vitamin C and Neurotrophic effect
10. Vitamin C and Vasoactive intestinal peptide synthesis
11. Vitamin C deficiency and chronic ultraviolet-B exposure
12. Vitamin C and Glaucoma
13. Vitamin C and iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia (IRIDA)
14. Vitamin C and cellular energy metabolism
15. Vitamin C and alcohol induced oxidative stress
IV. Vitamin D (Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular disease
2. Vitamin D and Obesity
3. Vitamin D deficiency associated with self-neglect
4. Vitamin D and Hyperparathyroidism
5. Vitamin D and Rheumatoid arthritis
6. Vitamin D and Hypertension
7. Vitamin D and Autoimmune diseases
8. Vitamin D and Chronic kidney disease
9. Vitamin D and Cognition
10. Vitamin D and Stroke
11. Vitamin D and Osteoporosis
12. Vitamin D and Falls and Fractures
13. Vitamin D and Muscle Strength
14. Vitamin D and Breast Cancer
15. Vitamin D and Prostate Cancers
16. Vitamin D and Colon Cancer
17. Vitamin D and Type 2 diabetes
18. Vitamin D and Multiple sclerosis
19. Vitamin D and Type I diabetes
20. Vitamin D and allergic diseases
21. Vitamin D and inflammation
22. Vitamin D and prevention of periodontal ligament
23. Vitamin D and Muscle atrophy
24. Vitamin D and Longevity
V. Vitamin E
1. Vitamin C and E as Antioxidants
2. Vitamin C, E and Tobacco Smoke
3. Vitamin E and Anxiety
4. Vitamin E and Osteroporosis
5. Vitamin E and Stress
6. Vitamin E and Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
7. Vitamin E and Multiple cardiovascular risk factors
8. Vitamin E and Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
VI. Vitamin K
1. Vitamin K and Osteoporosis
2. Vitamin K and Fracture prevention
3. Vitamin K and Degenerative diseases of ageing
4. Vitamin K and Osteopenia
5. Vitamin K supplementation and progression of Coronary artery calcification
6. Vitamin K and Bone mineral density
7. Vitamin D-vitamin K interaction
8. Vitamin K and Testosterone production
9. Vitamin K and Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet agents
10. Vitamin K antagonists
11. Vitamin K antagonists and prevention of thromboembolism
12. Vitamin K antagonists and children with heart diseases
Vitamin A also known as Vitamin A Retinol, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance, and essential for growth and life and producing pigments in the eye's retina for scotopic vision (low-light vision). The vital vitamin come from 2 types of foods
A. Vitamin A Health Benefits, Deficiency and toxicity
1. Vitamin A (Retinol and Carotenes) and Daily requirements
2. Health Benefits of Vitamin A - Type 1 diabetes
3. Vitamins A - Prevention of morbidity and mortality in infants
4. Vitamin A and Anti-aging
5. Vitamin A and Breast cancer
6. Vitamin A and Vision Health
7. Vitamin A and Colorectal Cancer
8. The importance of vitamin A in nutrition
9. Vitamin A and Skin tumors
10. Vitamin A and Ear defect in fetus
11. Vitamin A and Oral cancer
12. Vitamin A and Cervical cancer
13. Vitamin A and Osteoporosis
14. Vitamin A and Prevention of mortality and short- and long-term morbidity in very low birthweight infants
15. Vitamin A and Pregnancy and breastfeeding women
16. Vitamin A and The development of Fetus and Newborn
17. Vitamin A and Clefting
18. Vitamin A and Skin cancer
19. Vitamin A and Bone and teeth
20. Vitamin A and Immunity as antioxidants
21. Vitamin A and Preventing morbidity and mortality
22. Vitamin A and Gastric cancer
23. Vitamin A and Reduced risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV infection
24. Vitamin A and Reproductive System
25. Vitamin A Against arsenic-induced uterine toxicity
26. Vitamin A and Treating measles and reduced risk of mortality and pneumonia-specific mortality
27. Vitamin A deficiency and Hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease
28. Vitamin A deficiency and Bilateral corneal ulceration
29. Vitamin A deficiency and Xerophthalmia
30. Vitamin A deficiency and Cirrhotic patients
31. Vitamin A deficiency and Spatial memory deficits
32. Vitamin A deficiency and Giardia lamblia infection
33. Vitamin A deficiency and complications of biliopancreatic diversion?
34. Vitamin A deficiency and Cerebellar hypoplasia
35. Vitamin A deficiency and Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD)
36. Vitamin A deficiency and Chronic liver disease
37. Vitamin A deficiency and High-risk area for esophageal cancer
38. Vitamin A deficiency and Air way infection
39. Vitamin A deficiency and Cardiometabolic risk
40. Vitamin A deficiency and Skin diseases
41. Vitamin A deficiency and Hepatitis C virus-related chronic liver disease
42. Vitamin A toxicity (When overdoses over a prolonged period of time):
42.1. Vitamin A toxicity: Possible involvement of vitamin a in testicular toxicity
42.2. Vitamin A toxicity: Elevated liver enzymes
42.3. Vitamin A toxicity: Damage of the central nervous system
42.4. Vitamin A toxicity: Metabolic impairment
42.5. Other diseases due to vitamin A toxicity
42.6. Vitamin A toxicity: Heart rate, brain structural and functional changes, minor physical anomalies, and persistent aggression
42.7. Vitamin A toxicity: Hypercalcemia and acute kidney injury
42.8. Vitamin A toxicity: Mitochondrial dysfunction and altering cerebral cortex and/or cerebellum-dependent behavior
42.9. Vitamin A toxicity: Hyperostotic and destructive osteoarthritis
42.10. Vitamin A toxicity: Chronic liver disease
B. Retinol Health Benefits
Retinol, one of the animal forms of vitamin A, is a yellow, fat-soluble substance, a diterpenoid and an alcohol converted to vitamin A and and the retinyl ester derivative of the alcohol stored mostly in liver, when eating animal food sources, such as liver and egg yolk. When converted to retinoic acid, vitamin A is essential for skin health, teeth remineralization, bone growth.and the process of cell differentiation, hence, the growth and development of embryos Retinoic acid via the retinoic acid receptor.
Retinol (The animal forms of vitamin A)
C. Carotenes Health Benefits
Carotenes, including alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, gamma-carotene, and
xanthophyl beta- cryptoxanthin, possess the enzyme required to convert these compounds to retinal. Carotenes are the group of orange pigments phytochemical belonging to the class of
Carotenoids (tetraterpenoids), found abundantly in carrots, pumpkins, maize,
tangerine, orange, in dark, leafy greens and red, orange and yellow fruits and vegetables, etc.
and contained many health benefits(1)
Recommend dosages for Female From 14 years old and up 700 -1700 mcg/day
and Male From 14 years old and Up 900 to 3000 mcg/day
1. Carotenoids and Chronic leg ulcers
2. Carotenoids and Anti-inflammatory, and Antiproliferative Effects
3. Carotenoids and cancers
4. Carotenoids
5. Carotenoids and Chronic leg ulcers
6. Carotenoids and Coronary heart disease
7. Carotenoids and Lung cancer
8. Carotenoids and Anti stroke
D. Vitamin A and Medication Interaction
II. B Vitamins
A. Vitamin B1 (Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin B1 and Diabetes and Heart Disease
2. Vitamin B1(Thiamine) and Inflammatory Diseases
3. Vitamin B1 deficiency and Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome
4. Vitamin B1 and Wilson's disease
5. Vitamin B1 and acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure
6. Vitamin B1 deficiency and Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE)
7. Vitamin B1 and neurodegenerative disease pathophysiology
8. Vitamin B1 and iron-catalyzed oxidative damage in hepatocytes
9. Vitamin B1 and Type II diabetes
10. Vitamin B1 against protein damage by glycation, oxidation and nitration
11. Thiamine and the prevention of obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders
12. Vitamin B1 and diastolic dysfunction and heart failure
13. Vitamin B1 and dyslipidemia and Advanced glycation of plasma protein
14. Severe lactic acidosis and Vitamin B1 deficiency
15. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and acid tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes
16. Life-threatening of vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency in infants
17. B1 and various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract
18. Vitamin B1 deficiency and the cause of some tumors
19. Vitamin B1 and Alzheimer's disease
20. Vitamin B1 and Thiamine-responsive megaloblastic anemia syndrome
21. Vitamin B1 deficiency and reversible cor pulmonale
22. Thiamine and Parkinson's disease
23. Vitamin B1 deficiency with cardiopathy and metabolic acidosis
24. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) and acid tolerance of Listeria monocytogenes
25. Vitamin B1 and glucose metabolism and vascular disease
26. Vitamin B1(Thiamine) in diabetic complications
B.2. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
1. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and defective Gene ACAD9
2. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and Central nervous system and muscle involvement
3. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and gastrointestinal function
Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and defective Gene ACAD9
2. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and Central nervous system and muscle involvement
3. Vitamin B2 and migraine
4. Vitamin B2 and psychomotor function
5. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and gastrointestinal function
6. Riboflavin deficiency and the effects on iron utilization and loss
7. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) and Effect of physical activity
8. Riboflavin (vitamin B-2) and health
9. Riboflavin and gastrointestinal (GI) morphology in adult
10. Vitamin B2 and Autism
11. Riboflavin and the development and cell fate
12. Vitamin B2 and recurrent rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure
13. Vitamin B2 and depression
14. Vitamin B2 and Breast cancer
15. Vitamin B2 and congenital heart defects
16. Vitamin B2 and Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
17. Vitamin B2 and activity of enzymes
18. Riboflavin deficiency and preeclampsia
19. Riboflavin and acute ischaemic stroke
20. Vitamin B2 and short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
21. Vitamin B2 deficiency and Structural-functional damage to cellular membranes
22. Riboflavin-deficient and Trichinella spiralis-induced stresses on plasma corticosterone associated with spermatogenesis
B.3. Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
1. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and Life span Increasing
2. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and hyperpigmentation
3. Vitamin B3 (Niacin) and Melasma
Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin B3 and Topical nicotinamide against both UVB and UVA
2. Vitamin B3 and immune suppressive effects
3. Vitamin B3 and Niacinamide/glycerin moisturizers
4. N-Nicotinoyl dopamine, a novel niacinamide derivative, retains high antioxidant activity and inhibits skin pigmentation
5. Vitamin B3 and Aging
6. Niacinamide on reducing cutaneous pigmentation and suppression of melanosome transfer
7. NAD+ and NADH in cellular functions and cell death
8. NAD+ metabolism in health and disease
9. NAD+ metabolism and NAD(+)-dependent enzymes and neurological diseases
10. Vitamin B3 deficiency Pellagra
11. Pellagra: dermatitis, dementia, and diarrhea
12. Anorexia nervosa and Pellagra
13. Photoprotective effects of nicotinamide
14. Pellagra and benign symmetrical lipomatosis associated with alcoholism
15. Pellagra associated with esophageal carcinoma and alcoholism
16. Rapidly progressing bilateral cataracts in a patient with beta thalassemia and pellagra
17. Niacin and recurrent unipolar depressive disorder
18. Niacin and atheroprotective HDL cholesterol
B.5. Vitamin B5
1. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Diabetic ulceration
2. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Wound healing processes
3. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Colonic anastomoses
Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Wound healing processes
2. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Diabetic ulceration
3. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Colonic anastomoses
4. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) and Wound healing processes
5. Excessive vitamin B5 side effects
6. Calcium pantothenate deficiency and cadmium intoxication on reproductive organs
7. The effect of pantothenic acid deficiency on skin tissues
8. Vitamin B5 and thinning hair
9. Vitamin B5 and pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration
10. Pantothenic acid on testicular function
11. Pantothenic acid as a weight-reducing agent
12. Pantothenate deficiency and acetate addition
13. Pantothenate deficiency and metabolic response
14. Vitamin B5 and sexual maturity
15. The pantothenic acid (PA) and coenzyme A (CoA)
16. Adrenal cortex functional activity in pantothenate deficiency
17. Duodenal lesions produced by pantothenic acid deficiency
18. Interactions of thiamin, riboflavin, and other B-vitamins
19. Pantothenic acid, coenzyme A, and human chronic ulcerative and granulomatous colitis
20.Effect of prenatal and neonatal pantothenic acid deficiency on rat intestinal phosphatases
B.6. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
1. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) and Epilepsy during Childhood.2. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) and Memory Improvements
3. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine ) and Cancer
B.9. Folate (Folic Acids)
1. Folate (folic acids) and Anemia among HIV-infected children
2. Folate and Cerebral folate deficiency syndromes
3. Folate and Mitochondrial disease
B.12 Vitamin B121. Vitamin B12 deficiency - A worldwide problem
2. Vitamin B12 and Older Adults
3. Vitamin B12 and Neurotrophic action
III. Vitamin C
1. Vitamin C and Common cold
2. Vitamin C and asthma.
3. Vitamin C and E as Antioxidants
4. Vitamin C, E and Tobacco Smoke
5. Vitamin C and Cancer
6. Vitamin C and Colon Cancer
7. Vitamin C and DNA Damage
8. Vitamin C and Wound healing
9. Vitamin C and Neurotrophic effect
10. Vitamin C and Vasoactive intestinal peptide synthesis
11. Vitamin C deficiency and chronic ultraviolet-B exposure
12. Vitamin C and Glaucoma
13. Vitamin C and iron-refractory iron deficiency anemia (IRIDA)
14. Vitamin C and cellular energy metabolism
15. Vitamin C and alcohol induced oxidative stress
IV. Vitamin D (Contributed by Kyle J. Norton, posted with permission)
1. Vitamin D and Cardiovascular disease
2. Vitamin D and Obesity
3. Vitamin D deficiency associated with self-neglect
4. Vitamin D and Hyperparathyroidism
5. Vitamin D and Rheumatoid arthritis
6. Vitamin D and Hypertension
7. Vitamin D and Autoimmune diseases
8. Vitamin D and Chronic kidney disease
9. Vitamin D and Cognition
10. Vitamin D and Stroke
11. Vitamin D and Osteoporosis
12. Vitamin D and Falls and Fractures
13. Vitamin D and Muscle Strength
14. Vitamin D and Breast Cancer
15. Vitamin D and Prostate Cancers
16. Vitamin D and Colon Cancer
17. Vitamin D and Type 2 diabetes
18. Vitamin D and Multiple sclerosis
19. Vitamin D and Type I diabetes
20. Vitamin D and allergic diseases
21. Vitamin D and inflammation
22. Vitamin D and prevention of periodontal ligament
23. Vitamin D and Muscle atrophy
24. Vitamin D and Longevity
V. Vitamin E1. Vitamin C and E as Antioxidants
2. Vitamin C, E and Tobacco Smoke
3. Vitamin E and Anxiety
4. Vitamin E and Osteroporosis
5. Vitamin E and Stress
6. Vitamin E and Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
7. Vitamin E and Multiple cardiovascular risk factors
8. Vitamin E and Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
VI. Vitamin K
1. Vitamin K and Osteoporosis
2. Vitamin K and Fracture prevention
3. Vitamin K and Degenerative diseases of ageing
4. Vitamin K and Osteopenia
5. Vitamin K supplementation and progression of Coronary artery calcification
6. Vitamin K and Bone mineral density
7. Vitamin D-vitamin K interaction
8. Vitamin K and Testosterone production
9. Vitamin K and Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet agents
10. Vitamin K antagonists
11. Vitamin K antagonists and prevention of thromboembolism
12. Vitamin K antagonists and children with heart diseases
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